本文目录一览:
- 1、轻芳烃的生产 ***
- 2、轻芳烃的用途
- 3、什么是轻芳烃
- 4、"轻芳烃"和"重芳烃"各是什么?有什么区别?具体点,谢谢
- 5、轻芳烃是什么油
轻芳烃的生产 ***
重整汽油中芳烃可用萃取法分出。裂解汽油中的芳烃,也常用萃取法分出,但在萃取前需用催化加氢法除去不稳定的双烯烃、单烯烃和含硫化合物等(见芳烃抽提)。由于裂解汽油中芳烃含量较高,因此也可用萃取精馏分离出芳烃。常用的萃取剂有N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲酰吗啉、Ν-甲基吡咯烷酮、环丁砜等。在萃取精馏塔中,非芳烃从塔顶蒸出,芳烃与溶剂留在塔底。此法与萃取法相比,设备简单、操作费用低,但芳烃收率略低。煤炼焦副产的焦炉煤气,经吸收得吸收液,分离出其中粗苯馏分,内含C8、C9芳烃,可再精馏分离。煤炼焦副产煤焦油,经分馏可得轻油、酚油、萘油、洗油、蒽油、沥青等馏分,再用精馏、结晶等 *** 分离得到苯系、萘系、蒽系芳烃。芳烃中,苯、对二甲苯用途广,需求量大;甲苯、间二甲苯、C9芳烃等用途较少。工业上可通过各种转化过程将甲苯、间二甲苯、C9芳烃等转化为苯、对二甲苯等。转化过程中主要进行烷基化、脱烷基、异构化、歧化以及烷基转移反应。
轻芳烃的用途
芳烃是有机化工重要基础原料,其中单环芳烃更为突出。苯、二甲苯是制造多种合成树脂、合成橡胶、合成纤维的原料。甲苯可转化为二甲苯和苯。高级烷基苯是制造表面活性剂的重要原料。多环芳烃中联苯用作化工过程的热载体。稠环芳烃中萘是制造染料和增塑剂的重要原料。多种含氧、含氯、含氮、含硫的芳烃衍生物用于生产多种精细化工产品。某些芳烃或其混合物如苯、二甲苯、甲苯等可作溶剂,芳烃(如异丙苯等)辛烷值较高,用重整等 *** 增加轻质馏分油中的芳烃含量,对提高汽油质量有重要意义。70年代世界芳烃的化工年利用量已超过30Mt。
什么是轻芳烃
含有苯环的烷烃或烯烃。按照苯环连接烷烃或烯烃的碳链长短分为轻芳烃和重芳烃。连接碳链短的就是轻芳烃。
"轻芳烃"和"重芳烃"各是什么?有什么区别?具体点,谢谢
轻芳烃和重芳烃都是含有苯环的烷烃或烯烃,重、轻芳烃是以苯环连接烷烃或烯烃的碳链长短来区分的。当然,连接碳链长的是重芳烃,连接碳链短的是轻芳烃。
轻芳烃是什么油
轻芳烃本来是指C6-C8芳烃,即苯、甲苯、二甲苯。这里是指以上组分含量很高的汽油馏分,但它并不能直接作为汽油使用,作为汽油调和组分可能也不合适,因此汽油标准中对芳烃含量和苯含量都有限制。
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